Engineering / College · Computer Organization

Computer Organization and Architecture Notes – CPU, Pipelining, Cache and Memory with Diagrams

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Computer Organization and Architecture notes for second-year B.Tech Computer Science, and useful for GATE CS revision. Covers the basic structure of a computer, registers and the instruction cycle, instruction formats and addressing modes, hardwired and microprogrammed control, pipelining and hazards, the memory hierarchy, cache mapping, and input and output methods, with block diagrams, solved numericals, comparison tables and exam questions. Includes 5 labelled diagrams: Von Neumann architecture: instructions and data share one memory; The instruction cycle; A five-stage pipeline: from cycle 5 on, one instruction finishes in every cycle; The three pipeline hazards, and the usual fix for each; The memory hierarchy: top levels are faster and smaller; lower levels are larger and cheaper.